Amp
Abbreviation for ampere, a unit of electric current measurement (how quickly an electric current flows), which is often used for EV charging (for example, a 50-amp EV charger).
Anode
The component of a battery that discharges electrons is called Anode. Anodes are never positive.
Composition of Batteries
Battery Cell:
The lithium-ion battery’s most fundamental component, the battery cell stores electricity.
Battery Module:
A collection of battery cells housed within a building. For the necessary electrical setups to monitor and maintain important cell parameters as well as control cell temperatures, come companies unite cells in modules.
Battery Pack:
The completed form of an electric vehicle’s battery pack, made up of modules, a surrounding enclosure, high voltage hardware, and structural and protective elements.
Cathode
The area of a battery where the cell’s current departs. All cathodes are positive.
Fast Charging with DC (Direct Current)
It provides fast charging away from home, mainly through public charging stations. This sort of charging, which is made possible by an off-board charger that connects directly to a vehicle’s high voltage battery bus, enables high power transfer (>50kW) and quicker recharge times—minutes as opposed to hours.
Drive Units
The horsepower and torque that electric vehicles (EVs) have are provided by single-speed gearboxes and electric motors. The “Ultium Drive” series of five-drive units, which will power GM’s third-generation EVs, is anticipated to deliver industry-leading torque and power density. Ultium Drive includes all necessary power electronics, single-speed gearboxes, and up to two electric motors in a single drive unit.
Electric Vehicles (EVs)
A vehicle that runs exclusively on electricity is called an EV.
EV Battery
The electric vehicle’s battery, which is its source of power, is refilled by connecting the EV to a power outlet or charging station.
Internal combustion engines
Internal combustion engines, also called ICEs, are propelled by fuel in the form of gasoline or diesel. For more than a century, internal combustion engines have been the norm for transportation.
K kW (1,000 Watts in a Kilowatt)
The fundamental measurement of an Electric Vehicle’s (EV) battery-generated power!
Kilowatt-hours or kWh
The simplest way to gauge an EV’s energy is to look at how many kilowatts of power it can produce throughout a given number of hours.
Charging at Level 1
Because it uses a regular 120-volt electrical socket, this form of charging is typically done at home and ranges from 8 to 20 amps. A portable charging cord is commonly used for level 1 charging.
Charging at Level 2
Level 2 chargers, which can give faster charging speeds than Level 1 chargers and charge up to 80 amps, frequently require professional installation. There are also portable Level 2 chargers available.
Wireless Battery Management System (BMS)
A nearly wireless system that maintains chemical balance throughout each set of battery cells for the best performance is called Wireless Battery Management System (wBMS). A real-time battery pack health check may be performed, and the network of modules and sensors can be refocused as necessary to protect battery health during the vehicle.
Anything that has been made to run on electricity is referred to as being electrified. In the context of cars, this is the word used to characterize an existing model that has just added an electric option.
Internal Combustion Engines or ICEs
Internal Combustion Engines, or ICEs, are the typical gas-powered engines found in the majority of automobiles and trucks.
ZEVs (Zero Emissions Vehicles)
Vehicles classified as ZEVs (Zero Emissions Vehicles) emit no pollutants that meet the standards for greenhouse gases, particulates, or any other pollutants.
BEV (Battery-Electric Vehicle)
BEV (Battery-Electric Vehicle) – A vehicle that employs a rechargeable battery and an all-electric motor; it plugs into an external power source to recharge.
Regenerative Braking
A PHEV or BEV braking system that feeds energy from the brakes into the battery so it can be saved and used is called regenerative braking.
EVSE (Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment)
Also referred to as an EV charging station or EV charging dock, an EVSE (Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment) or “Charging Station” By providing two-way communication between the charging station and the vehicle and streamlining the charging process by modifying the onboard charger to make sure it doesn’t exceed charger power restrictions, this gadget enables electricity to securely charge the EV.
TCO (Total Cost of Ownership)
The total cost of owning a car, including incentives, up-front expenses, and operations and maintenance, is known as the TCO (Total Cost of Ownership). Due to less frequent maintenance requirements, EVs often have lower TCOs than ICE vehicles.
Incentives
Financial aid for the switch to ZEV is provided by the federal, state, utility, or air districts. This can involve financing for the vehicles, infrastructure for charging them, electricity prices, or the use of low-carbon fuels.
Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS)
Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS): In some jurisdictions, this market-based regulation is aimed at lowering the carbon content of fuels. Companies that install electric vehicle charging infrastructure can gain from the LCFS by getting credits for transitioning from fuels with a large carbon footprint (like diesel or gasoline) to fuels with a low carbon footprint (like electricity).
Ultra Low Emission Vehicle (ULEV)
A vehicle that qualifies for incentives and benefits from the UK government because its official tailpipe CO2 emissions are less than 75g/km is called Ultra Low Emission Vehicle (ULEV).
Full Hybrid or “Self-Charging” Hybrid
It is an all-fossil hybrid vehicle. The Toyota Prius is the most popular. The car’s energy comes from gasoline, but a small battery is charged through regenerative braking, which also produces some electric power in conjunction with a combustion engine. The car can only be driven by the electric motor for brief intervals at modest speeds.
Ultra Low Emission Zone (ULEZ)
A ULEZ primarily aims to improve the air quality within the zone by discouraging vehicles from emitting more harmful emissions by charging them more money. Euro 6 is the minimal emission level for diesel and Euro 6 is for gasoline. These requirements are far stricter for diesel because of the greater impact on air quality, but all plug-in hybrid cars (PHEV) and, of course, all fully electric vehicles (BEVs) comply with them.
